Linguistics for non-linguists: a primer with exercises

pt.1. Introduction

pt.2. Pragmatics: Implicature

Speech acts

pt.3. Semantics: Background

Sense

Reference

Truth

pt.4. Syntax: Categories

Left-to-right ordering

Constituent structure

X-bar syntax

Transformations

pt.5. Morphology: Morphemes

Lexical and grammatical morphemes

Inflectional and derivational morphemes

Word-formation processes

pt.6. Phonology: Vocal tract

Segments

Phonemic alphabet

Levels of representation

Phonological rules

pt.7. Language variation: Language universals, languages, dialects, and idiolects

Regional variation

Social variation

Language and gender

Stylistic variation

pt.8. First-language acquisition: Prelinguistic stages

Linguistic stages

Issues in language acquisition

pt.9. Second-language acquisition: Issues in second-language acquisition

Patterns in second-language acquisition

Non-linguistic influences on second-language acquisition

pt.10. Written language: Writing systems

The English spelling system

Analyzing errors in written English

pt.11. Language processing: Discourse-level phenomena in language processing

pt.12. The neurology of language: Anatomy of the nervous system

Hemispherical specialization

Aphasia

pt.13. Conclusion

Glossary.