Sport nutrition: an introduction to energy production and performance

1. General principles of nutrition

Function of food

Dietary carbohydrate

Dietary lipids

Dietary protein

Water

Vitamins, minerals, and trace elements

Alcohol

Essential nutrients

Assessing nutrient and energy intake

Analyzing nutrient intake

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

2. Fuel sources for muscle and exercise metabolism

Subcellular structure and mechanism of force generation in skeletal muscle

Sources of energy for muscle force generation

Fuel stores in skeletal muscle

Regulation of energy metabolism

Metabolic responses to exercise

Metabolic adaptation to exercise training

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

3. Energy

What is energy?

Energetic efficiency

Measuring the energy content of food

Measuring energy expenditure

Components of energy expenditure

Energy balance

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

4. Gastric emptying, digestion, and absorption

Anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract

Regulation of the gastrointestinal tract

Digestion

Absorption

Regulation of gastric emptying

Gastrointestinal problems

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

5. Carbohydrate

History

Role of carbohydrate

Carbohydrate before exercise

Carbohydrate during exercise

Carbohydrate after exercise

What athletes really do

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings.

6. Fat

Fat metabolism during exercise

What limits fat oxidation

Fat as a fuel during exercise

Regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism

Fat supplementation and exercise

Effect of diet on fat metabolism and performance

Supplements that increase fat oxidation

key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

7. Protein and amino acids

Amino acids

Techniques to study protein and amino acid metabolism

Protein requirements for exercise

Training and protein metabolism

Effect of protein intake on protein synthesis

Amino acids as ergogenic aids

Protein intake and health risks

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

8. Water requirements and fluid balance

Thermoregulation and exercise in the heat

Effects of dehydration on exercise performance

Mechanisms of heat illness

Effects of fluid intake on exercise performance

Daily water balance

Fluid requirements for athletes

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

9. The micronutrients : vitamins and minerals

Water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins

Macrominerals and microminerals

Micronutrients form the building blocks of tissues

Micronutrients as antioxidants

Essential functions of the micronutrients

Effects of vitamins on exercise performance

Ergogenic effect of mineral supplementation

Recommendations for micronutrient intake in athletes

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings.

10. Nutrition supplements

Nonregulation of nutrition supplements

Critical evaluation of nutrition supplements studies

A detailed look at nutrition supplements

Contamination of nutrition supplements

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

11. Weight management

Ideal body weight and composition

Weight loss

Making weight and rapid weight-loss strategies

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

12. Eating disorders in athletes

Types of eating disorders

Prevalence of eating disorders in athletes

Risk factors

Effects of eating disorders on sports performance

Effects of eating disorders on the athlete's health

Treatment and prevention of eating disorders

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

13. Nutrition and immune function in athletes

Functions of the immune system and its cellular components

General mechanism of the immune response

Effects of exercise on the immune system

Nutritional manipulations to decrease immunodepression in athletes

Mechanisms of nutritional influences on immune function in athletes

Conclusions and recommendations

Key points

Key terms

Recommended readings

Appendix A. Key concepts in biological chemistry relevant to sport nutrition

Appendix B. Unit conversion tables

Appendix C. Recommended daily allowances for North America

Appendix D. Reference nutrient intakes for the United Kingdom

Appendix E. Recommended dietary intakes for Australia

Glossary.